Steel ingot



Jul 16, 1929. PERRY 1.720.857

STEEL INGOT Original Filed Jan. 18, 1926 l l I 1 i i l l l I 4 INVENTOR Jami z. 677;

M ATTORNEY Patented July 16, 1929.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN EDMUND PERRY, OF SHARON, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO VALLEY MOULD 8t IRON CORPORATION, OF SHARPSVILLE, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

STEEL INGOT.

Original application filed January 18, 1926, Serial No. 81,884. Divided and this application filed Match 18, 1927. Serial No. 176,322.

The present invention relates broadly to metallurgy and more especially to a steel ingot, and comprises a division of my rior application Serial Number 81,884, filed anuary 18, 1926, 110w Patent 1,665,275, patented A ril10,1928.

lIeretofore in the art it has been customary to produce ingots having finished or smooth sides and with one end formed from the top free surface of steel which hashardcned or frozen. In this type of ingot the sides have had a considerable taper. In the heavy tapered ingots of the prior art the initial pass of the ingot through the rolling mill was such that the rolls were usually caused to engage a considerable distance from the top of the ingot since, because of the large taper, the rolls would depress a very considerable amount of metal atthe butt of the ingot as it passed through the rolls. This action caused two movements of the metal to take place beneath the rolls; one of these movements being in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the ingot and the other being at substantially right angles to the axis of the ingot. The former movement stretched the skin of the ingot to such an extent as to very frequently break the skin structure and form cracks which subsequent treatment would not weld together. Furthermore such ingots required several passes through the rolls before the ingot was squared. In the old practice with heavy ta- .pered ingots where the rolls were started at the small end of the ingot, the butt of the ingot was subjected to enormous internal stresses which had a tendency to, and often did, injure the steel structure, thereby deteriorating the final product made from the ingot.

The present invention contemplates a novel ingot adapted for rolling and having the longitudinal sides thereof substantially smooth and with a very slight taper and with Zones of isocrystallization comprising deep pockets, the mouths of which extend toward the unfinished end of the ingot, and with the bottom of the ingot formed with a slight shoulder surrounding an extension having rounded sides and a substantially flattened end. This'type of ingot obviates undesirable dendritic crystallization and is particularly well adapted for rolling in that the very slight taper of the side walls permits the biting of the rolls on the initial pass to begin substantially at the end of the ingot. Two initial passes of the ingot through the roltls, therefore, substantially square the ingo 1 Other and further objects of the present invention will in part be obvious and will in part be pointed out hereinafter in the specifications following by reference to the accompanying drawings forming a part thereof.

The 'figure of the drawings is a diagrammatic illustration of a cross-section through an ingot in accordance with the present invention and with the zones of isocrystallization therein and also crystallization at the finished end of the ingot being indicated.

eferring now to the figure of the drawings, which illustratesa preferred form of ingot, which is of the type wherein the small end of the ingot is the unfinished end and contains the primary pipe cavity C. The narrow taper on the side wall of the ingot enables the same to be fabricated in such manner that the pipe C is the sole pipe in the ingot. The zones of isocrystallization in the ingot assume the general form indicated by letter A and. the crystallization at the bottom of the ingot is indicated by B. The bottom end of the ingot terminates in an extension D, which has an end E that is substantially at right angles to the axis of the ingot and has rounded side portions F which are rounded on a curvature that preferably, although not necessarily, is formed on a radius substantially equal to the extension of the end portion from the squared shoulder The metal adjacent this end, due to the shape of the end surface of the ingot, is without a deleterious amount of dendritic crystallization. The taper on the side walls H of the ingot is such as not to exceed substantially one and one half per cent, and in an ingot which is seventy inches long from the shoulder I on the top of the ingot to the shoulder G on the bottom thereof the rectangular dimensions of the upper end are substantially nineteen inches, measured adjacent the shoulder I, and the bottom rectangular measurement measured adjacent the shoulder G is substantially twenty inches. This produces an ingot wherein the totai taper from the shoulder I to the butt end of the ingot is substantially one inch to seventy inches in length. This taper is not so great as to prevent the rolls biting at the small end and rolling down the ingot to the butt end without injury to the skin of the ingot or to the internal structure thereof due to excessive rolling pressures adjacent the butt of the ingot.

' Thecorners formed between longitudinal sides of the ingot preferably are formed by rounded curved surfaces which is common in the'art. in order to avoid dendritic crystallization adjacent these corners.

This ingot may be produced in various ways and by various constructions, the preferred structure and method, however, for producing this ingot, are disclosed and claimed in the parent application, Serial Number 81.884, filed January 18, 1926. now Patent 1,665,275, patented April 10, 1928.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

1. As an article of manufacture, a steel ingot adapted for rolling and having tapered sides with the taper not to exceed one and one'half per cent and with zones of isocrystallization comprising cupped Zones with the mouths of said cups toward the small end of said ingot.

2. As an article of manufacture, a steel ingot adapted for rolling and having longitudinally tapered sides with the taper not to exceed one and one-half per cent and with zones of isoerystallization comprising cupped Zones with the mouths of said cups toward the small end of said ingot and with the body portion of said ingot having chilled surfaces.

3. As an article of manufacture, an ingot of steel adapted for rolling and having longitudinally tapered sides with the taper not to exceed one and one-half per cent and with the bottom of said ingot comprising an extension having rounded side walls and a substantially fiat bottom.

4. As an article of manufacture, an ingot of steel adapted for rolling and having longitudinally tapered side walls with the taper not to exceed one and one-half per cent with one end of said ingot having therein a primary pipe and the other end of said ingot comprising an extension of solid -metal, said extension having rounded side said extension having rounded side walls.-

6. As an article of manufacture, an ingot of steel adapted for rolling and having longitudinally tapered side walls, tapering toward one end of the ingot, the taper for a portion thereof not to exceed one and onehalf per cent.

7. An article of manufacture comprising an ingot of steel adapted for rolling and of substantially rectangular cross section and with the side walls thereof substantially flat, the body of said ingot being tapered with said taper not to exceed one and one half per cent.

8. As an article of manufacture, an ingot of steel adapted for rolling and with one end of said ingot having a primary pipe and with the remainder of said ingot being substantially solid metal, the end of the ingot opposite to the primary pipe comprising an extension having rounded side walls, an annular shoulder surrounding said extension and With the curvature of the rounded side walls being substantially equal to the length of said extension as measured from said shoulder and with the side walls of the body of the ingot being substantially flat and extending to said annular shoulder.

9. As an article of manufacture, an ingot of steel adapted for rolling and comprising a body of cast steelhaving side walls with a taper of less than one and one half per cent.

10. As an article of manufacture, an ingot of steel for rolling having a body of cast steel with chilled side wall surfaces and with said side walls having a taper not to exceed one inch and seventy inches in length.

JOHN EDMUND PERRY. 

